GUIDE TO BIODIVERSITY

WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?

The term biodiversity (from “biological diversity”) refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can encompass the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural processes that sustain life. 

Biodiversity includes not only species we consider rare, threatened, or endangered but also every living thing—from humans to organisms we know little about, such as microbes, fungi, and invertebrates.

Utilitarian values include the many basic needs humans obtain from biodiversity such as food, fuel, shelter, and medicine. Further, ecosystems provide crucial services such as pollination, seed dispersal, climate regulation, water purification, nutrient cycling, and control of agricultural pests.

HABITAT LOSS

One of the most significant causes of endangered animals is habitat loss. While habitat may be lost due to natural forces (climate shifts, geologic changes), much of the habitat lost today is due to human activity.

Today, the rate of extinction is occurring 1,000 to 10,000 times faster because of human activity. The main modern causes of extinction are the loss and degradation of habitat (mainly deforestation), over exploitation (hunting, overfishing), invasive species, climate change, and nitrogen pollution.

HUMAN ACTIVITY

There are two types of human activities. Those which are directly generating money are called economic activities and another side those activities which are related to personal satisfaction are called non-economic activities.

Humans impact the physical environment in many ways: overpopulation, pollution, burning fossil fuels, and deforestation. Changes like these have triggered climate change, soil erosion, poor air quality, and undrinkable water.

ENDANGERED SPECIES

Endangered species, any species that is at risk of extinction because of a sudden rapid decrease in its population or a loss of its critical habitat.

Critically endangered: A species considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

Endangered: A species considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.

BOOKS IN THE CSW COLLECTION

BY RUTH KASSINGER

579 KA

One thing most of us don’t know is that none of us would exist without algae. The author introduced the algae innovators working toward a sustainable future.

BY THOR HANSON

Hanson writes about the biology of global warming with a rare combination of engrossing clarity and robust interrogation. Equal parts glorious and sad, the pika captures the book’s most surprising lesson: climate change is a thing of paradoxical wonder and unprecedented biological insight.

BY CRAIG PITTMAN

The author recounts the extraordinary story of the people who brought the panther back from the brink of extinctions with novelistic details. The mixture of science, politics, personalities and the Endangered Species Act weaves an intriguing story about humans determined to save the species. 

BY CHARLES CLOVER

Seventy-five percent of the world’s fish stocks are now fully exploited or overfished; the most popular varieties risk extinction within the next few decades.Solid and heartfelt report describes a serious problem in the fishing industry and formed the book that could change your life. 

By elizabeth colbert

The writer tells us why and how human beings have altered life on the planet in a way no species has before. She provides a moving account of the disappearances occurring before our eyes by introducing us to a dozen species that are already gone or are facing extinctions. 

By andrew c. isenberg

Isenberg argues that the natural volatility of the bison population is key to understanding the near extinction. Extended drought and other natural causes of death — fires, drowning, wolves, falls, blizzards, competition from other grazers — affected the carrying capacity of the plains, the growth rate of the population, or both.